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Ư

̷ Ѵ.
Design predicts the future when it anticipates experience

ݰ ǻͰ ϴ ȸ ̳ʿ 䱸Ǵ ϱ?
ٵ ִ ɷ° âǼ, ġ ִ ȸ, ư ֺ 踦 ѷ 谣 踦 DZ 캸 ɷ̶ ִ.
̴ ̳ ο , ռ ϴ ̶ ִ.


1.

ȿ ϴٰ ϴ , ٵ ǰ ȸ ΰ Ǿ ̶ ִ.
, μ, , , ׸ ε ǰ ڰ ɵְ ȭϰ , Ӿ Ǵ ̰ ö 䱸ϰ ִ.

ν پٴ Ǵ Ư(Ǵ ) ٸ ƶ , ذ ̷ Ƹ ̴.
ٽ ؼ, ֺȯ濡 νϴ Ǹ ̳ʵ ׵ ﰢ åӰ - ̰ ؿ ϴ ġ Ѵ - ư ݷ ִ ̸, ɼ ִ , , ̷ åӰ ϴ ̴.
â̶ پ缺 ü ϳ ġ̴. װ ǹ̿ ִµ 켱, پ缺 ̵ Ǵ Ұϸ Ģ äϱ ̸, پ缺 ݹ پ ȭ ν ̰ 迡 Ӱ ֵ ϱ ̴.
ٸ ϸ, پ缺 Ģ Ѵ.

׷Ƿ, δ ΰȭϴ ֿ ̸, ٸ δ ȭ, ׸ ٵ ȭȡ 󿡼 پ缺 ֿ ̱⵵ ϴ. ̴.
̶ ϴ  ܵ, ΰ ȸ ִ ɷ ϰ ϱ ̴. ȴ ؼ ̴ Ѵ.
Ȱ ٸ ¿ ؼ ִٴ , ׸ ο ذ ڱϴ 찡 ִ.

뼺(Ȥ ) ְ 뼺(Ȥ ) 輱 ִ Ȱε, ǰ ġ ϰ ű⼭ (ݣ) Ѵ.
, ΰ, ǥü , ׸ ư ǥü踦 ο ǰ ϴ ذ 뼺 ߽Ų.
ǰ ¡̰ ɸ ġ ǹ - ǹ̷а , (1938, 𸮽 Charles Morris ȣ ǹ̷, , . з ɻ ȭ ߿ 巯.) · ȭ ϴ - Ҿ , װ ְ 뼺̸, ɿ ռ ṵ̈ ؼ, (⼭ ȭ ռ Ѿư ǥ ռ νμ ؼ ̴. ŽƮ 𷼷, 1995 12ȣ )̴.

, Ǵ ȸ ڰ ϴ Ǵ ϴ ̴ Žϴ Ȱ̱⺸ٴ ڰ Ѵٰ Ǵ(ŽƮ 𷼷, 1995 5ȣ ) ã ƴ Ȱ ǵ ִ.
׷  ǹ̸ ϰ Ʈ ġ ߿伺 ٽ ʿ䰡 ִ ̴. Ư, Ʈ мǰ ȥؼ ȵȴ. мǿ ݸ Ʈ ׷ ֱ پ Ʈ忡 ϳ м ߰ ִ.
ϳ м Ʈ ȭ Ӽ , پ ()Ʈ ¸ ϴ δ. ̷ ڸ м ٸ ο м ġDZ ⸦ ϰ ȴ.
Ʈ ñ⿡ ٸ ñ ̾ 帧 ٸ Ȳ ̴. м Ȳ ̷ Ⱓ() Ư ̸, Ʈ ְ ٸ ñ(񵿱) Ǿ ִ.
׸ ̰ м ׸ Ʈ ȭ Ƿ 巯 ִ.

ǹ̿ ȭ ġ ΰϿ, ο ߱ پ缺 , , پ ʱ - Ư ̶ - ׵鿡 ģ.
׸ Ϲ ý ҿ , ݿ ʴ ҷμ پ缺( Ϲ Ͽ ߵǰ 忡 η ) äѴ. ׷ ߿, ΰ ġμ ϴ Կ ұϰ ׷ ̾ ִ.
ü ϴ ҷμ, Ǵ ϰų Ű ڸ âϴ ֻå ̿ ʴ´ ϴ å(, ü ) Ǹ ̲ μ پ缺 äѴ.
ο ʱ Ʒ, , , ȹ ϴ ( ) پ缺 äϰ , (ſ ձ׸European Union Green Paper Ǿ ִ.
̶ ü ۿ ޵Ǿ.) ǥ .

ְ ķμ ΰ -(pre-design), ׸/Ǵ Ÿ-(meta-design) ȸ 䱸Ѵ. ̰ , ȸ , ׸ ϰ ϰ, ϱ , ҿ ǥ  нϱ , ̳뺣̼ ߻ϰ ȮǴ ൿ ϱ , ũƼ ̿ ɷ ϰ θ ϱ , ׸ ϰ ؼϱ ؼ̴.
׷ 츮 ο ռ Կ ־, Ȳ ȭ ϳ Ұϴ. ̰ 70 Ĺݿ ε巯 ̱⵵ ѵ Ÿ.

, ϴ ռ Ұ, ټ Ǽ( , Ʈ, 浿 ռ ⼺ ƴ ſ ־ ҵ ƴϴ.) Կ ϸ鼭 Ѵٴ ǹ Ǿ.

þ (׸ ϱ ) ſ ִ ̶ Ʒ 뿡 Ȯǰ Ǿ. ̷ ŭ ߷, оߴ ݿ ͼ , Ư (߿ ̶ ̱ Ÿÿ A. F. Firat, N. Dholakia, R. P. Bagozzi Ͽ ǵ å (Lexington Books, 1987) ۵Ǿٰ ִ.
Philip Kotler ڽ 忡  å ϰڴٰ ִ.
׸ ŽƮ 𷼷ΰ īп ̷ ̳ ǥ å Ͼư ָп ) - Һ - ʿ並 ִ.

ο ٷ ο ġ ij ̰ ִ. ڸ, Ӱ ߿ ڿ , Ȱ뿡 ü ȯ溸ȣ, ̵ ȸ, ȭ ϸ鼭 ǰ ( ü) ƿ츣, ü Ȥ Ѱ (ü֡ ڸ ϴ νĵǰ ִ.
ǰ ִ ߴٴ ǹ̿ Ѱ(inclusiveness)̶ ٲ ִ. ̴ ΰ ǰ üֿ ϴ Ͱ ġѴ.
Ż ȸ μ ŻƵ & ֿҴ ִ & ֿThe European Institute for Design and Disability ǥϰ ִ.) ǰ ִ ٹ ȸ(ȸ(ICSID) Ʈ λϰ ִ ٹ ȸ Ͽ ΰ ȭ ϰ ִ.) پ 䱸 ϴ Ϳ ̸ ε, ̷ ȸ ڸ ȭ ϴ ſ ٷӴٴ ̴.

͵ ܼ ο Ǵ ο Ѵٱ ٴ ǰ ο Ư ü Ȯ ̲ ̴. ̷ ̳ʵ ϰ ǥ ο  ϵ ȵ ǰȣ ǰ Ӱ ǹ̸ ο ̴.
Ѵٴ ۾ Ŀ ռ ϴ (հ ʱ ü ϰ ǥǴ ǥ μ װ λ ƴ϶ ȸ ޾Ƶ 䱸Ѵ.
̷, â μ ǥ ȮǾ Ծٴ ϴ Ұ ̴. â ̸ ˰ ־ ϴµ, ̰ ̷ ٹ Ⱓ Ű ̴.)ٴ ϱ⵵ Ѱ ǥ(ܺο ΰǾ ΰߵ簣) ħ ǹϴ ȭǰ ִ.

츮 ƴ ٴ, ۾ Ŀ ռ ϴ 忡 иϰ ϰ Ǵ ȿ, ٽ ο ǰ Ϸ װ 忡 Ȱ ִ.
, ڵ ڴ μ ֿ ڵ ϱ⺸ٴ ÿ ϴ Ͽ ߱Ⱓ 54 20 ٿ.
̰ μ ܰ迡 ̵ ִ Ŀ  ξ Ž ð ƾ 䱸ϰ , ̿ ÿ ο ذȵ ʿ Ѵ.

̷ ð ȭ(̹ κ ߻ ) Ͽ ̳ʿ , Һڱ ̻ Ű ̷ ʴ´ٴ 鿡 ս(ŽƮ 𷼷, Introduction to the Milan Dialogues, ADI-Cosmit, 1994) νѴ.
̿ ݴ, ʹ ʾ ƹ ġ , ̰ Ǿ Ÿ, θ ߰ ִ. ׷Ƿ ȿ, 츮 ѷ پ ǵ ο - ּ ɼ ִ ο ó κζ - ȿ ϰ ٸ ̵鵵 ׷ ֵ ϵ ʿ䰡 ִ.
׸ ȭ ¡Ĵ ý۰ ý ڿ ұ ( ִٸ) ܰ ܰ辿 ̴ Բ ̴.


 

2.

սǿ ּ μ ֱ(long cycles) 翡 ߰ߵDZ ٴ ʿ䰡 ִ.
׷ ֱ پ ؼ ̿Ͽ ü ȮǴ μ, 50 Ⱓ( ֱ⡯ Ų Nikolai Kondratieff(1917)̴. 1981 Żƿ ǵǾ. ýۺмInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA) Ȱߴ ڸ üƼCesare Marchetti Ǿ((19721978).
300 ⺻ ߸  ׸ ؿԴ ̴µ,  Ȯ ҿ 󵵼 Բ , 2⸶ Ÿӽ Ÿ´.
Դٰ ο ʿ ڿ װ͵ ñ ̷ ֱ ϰ Ǵ , ý о߿ ̷ ϴ ۾ ־.

ִ ֱ⿡, ̷а õμ ȭ ڼ ϱ Ұ () ϰ ִ. ֱⰡ ۵ ̷, ȭ ַ õ ؼ ϻ ѵǰ ؼǴ ̰ ִ.) ΰ Ĺ  ( ʴ) Ǵ ִ.
׷Ƿ ֱ 2 ߹߰ 1994 ̿ ߻ߴٰ ְ, ׷ ο ֱ 2048 ̾. ̷ ֱ⸦ 4Ͽ ù ° Ⱓ 2010 ̸, Ⱓ ֱ и ȴ.
߰ ܰ(ְ ̸ ) 2025 ̴. ̰ 10Ⱓ 츮 ûϰ , ׶ Ǿ ʿ ȹϸ鼭 غ 鿡Ը ȣ ̴. ׿ ִ ̶ ش ϴ ̴.

ȭ ߸ ߿伺 ݰ ־ٴ 츮 ޾Ƶδٸ, ֱ ֱ⿡ Ÿ ߸(׸ ڿ) ֱ Դܰ迡 鼭 - Լ Ģ ϴ Բ - ׸ ο ڿ ȯǴ ΰŲ.
ۿ ߿ϰ ٷ ֱ ִ ߸ Ϲ ̾ٴ ֵ ߸̳ ü ߿ ƴϴ.
⿡ Ϸ ִµ, ù° ä Ư ǰ ̶ ٴ ý۰ õ ϳ ν ִٴ ̸, ä ǰ ݴ 캸 ٴ ̴.

츮 ̻ ǹ̿ Ÿ ǰ . Ÿ ǰ ü , Ư ýۿ μ ִ. ̰ ǰ ƹ Ѵٴ ǹ ʴ´( ġ⵵ Ѵ).
鿡 ǻȭ ǰ - 츮 ⼭ ó θ ޵ (Ư -Ʈ) ϴ ̻ ̾߱ ʾƵ ȴ - ¿ ֿ ϰ ǰ ׷ ɵ ż ʿ伺 ΰ Ȱ 츮 ƿԵ Ʈũ ý ̱ ϰ Ǵ ̴.

ٵ ڵ ǰ ؼ װ ǰ ü ϰ ִ Űüμ ġθ νϱ ϰ , 3ȭ(tertiarisation) ϰ ִ.
̰ Ʈ Ÿ ǰ ǰ ü ϽŲ. ׸ 뼺 Ͽ Ÿ  ִٸ װ ְ ̴.
 ̵ ̷ ηϱ 츮  پ ϳ . ƹ ׸ ʴ´. ƾ ̴.

Ŵ ȭ μ ˷ ̴. Ͼ ø(Gilbert Simondon, Du mode dexistence des objets techniques, (1958), John Hart, Yves Deforge , Aubier, Paris, 1989. ) ⼭ Ҹ ġ ִ ִ.
ù ° ð 帧 ݺǴ μ 繰 ǵ Ѵٴ ε 繰 ߻ κ ü , ٸ ϸ ڱ ִ ϳ ۵ κ - ȣ μ ƶȭ Ǵ - Ų.
ø ڽŵ ü ߴٽ, ڵ 캸 ǿ ̴. ڸ  پ ð ƴ, Ǵ ȸΰ ڿ ڵ õ⸦ ν  ڵ ӿ ϴ ͵̴.

ġ 繰 ġ ó ൿѴ. ٸ â(philogenesis) ߻ϴ ̸, ̰ ۿ ǥ  ǿ ټ  ǹ̷ ϴ ȭ ϴ ÿ ȭ 繰 ۿ뿡 ־ ü Ѵ.
̷ ۿ , 迡  2 ڿ Ѵٴ ƴ϶ 繰 ƶ ȣ輺 μ ڿ(õ ڿ ΰ ڿ) ȣ ٰ ϰ ֱ ̴.
׷Ƿ Ͻô Ģε ׷. ǿ ؿ, Ӽ(̰ ܼ̰ų ߷ ʿ䰡 ǹϴ ƴϴ) Ű Ѵ.
̴ Ӂ ߻Ű ΰΡ ǰ ġ ġ ް ȴ.

° ù ° õǾ ִµ, ø ε ǰ ԵǾ ִ μ θ ߵȴٴ Ѵ. ǻ ռ ذ ǥ οǴ â ִ.
׷ ұϰ ֱٿ Žǰ ִ ռ ȣ ƴ϶ ٸ ؼϴ ڵ ̴.
̰ и й ̹ ǿ ִ ߻̰ μ Ͼ ó ٸ ǹϱ⵵ ϴµ, Ͼ װ  ϴĿ ޶( ݴ Ͼ 쵵 ߰ ִ).

ռ Ű¡  ڵμ ڿ ȣ ü ־ٸ, Ͼ ̰ 籸() ذ ǵ м ̸ ̴.
ݸ鿡 ռ Ÿ-ռ ǹ̸ οϴ , () ۰ ǥϴ ٿ Ҿ dz ǵ ν ֵ ǥϴ Ϳ ̸ ̴.
׷Ƿ Ͼ Ʈ, ʿ Ȥ װ ʿϴٰ ϴ  ռ ذȡ ؼν ü ۾ Ǵ £. ݸ ߻ȭϷ ̸ ü ݴ޺η ڵ鿡 ռ ִ μ ռ ذ ؼ ̴.
, ռ Ἲ ݴ ƴϴ. , װ͵ ⼺ ݴ ÿ Ǿ ִ. , ƴϴ.

,  ǥϴ  Ϸ õ , Ǵ پ ǰ ε 游ѡ ϰ 巯 ִ. ̷ 鿡 Ư ذ ռ ϴ ȴ.
ذ ݸ, ĵǾ ε ռ κп ôٹ (ó) Ű ԽŻƮμ ý ϱ κ ü ٸ.
ó ߻ϴ üμ ٴ κ ̴. ׸ ý ų κ л 쿡 .

ռ ý  ýۿ ֵ ϴµ, ̰ μ ý ο õ ̴.
ý ٸ ý۵ 踦 ּ Ҹ ϳ Ǵ ̻ŭ ִٸ ڽ ٷ ִ ý 輱 ϳ ִ.
ٸ ϸ Ŀٶ Ǽ ߽Ű ϸ鼭 ʰ ü ý ҷμ ޵ ִ.
1954⿡ 1967 Ǿ ô ߿ б ︧ п ƺ (Abraham A. Moles) -(Wiener-Shannon) װ-Ʈ Ͽ ռ( Ұ ȴ) ռ( κе Ұ ȴ) ־.

S = pi log2 pi ⼭ pi i(0̰ ǥ(1961) ϴ Ҵµ ⼭ ռ ΰ ( X Y) ǰ ̿ 缱 ׾ ʼ Ʒ Ÿ.
پ ǰ 缱 ǥ ̻ϰ ڰó ǰ ռ ϴ ŭ, ٽ ư ⵵ ִ. (1980~84), ڴ ǰ ʼ ʿ ߰ߵǸ ǰ Ʒ ߰ߵ ߴ.
׷Ƿ ȭ ؼ ִ ǥ (air pocket) پ ִ ߼̸, Ư Ȱ Ȱ ް پ ִ. ׸ 츮 ִ.

׷ (technological landscape) ܼ ǻȭ ƴϴ.
𿡳 ԵǾ ִ Ȯ , Ÿ ٸ , , ο ڿ , ׸ ٸ Ѹŭ ƴ ̿ũ ٸ ̷ ִ.
ڵ ֵ - Գ ġ - ̷ ̸ ũ ũ ũ ȰǸ鼭 Ե ȭϰ ִ. ݺ 뵿 ϴ ΰ κ ̷ ٽ 巡 .
μ ǰ ߿ ̷ ܰ躰 н ִ ɷ ǰ ον ǿȭDZ ߴ. ׸ ̷ ǥ ϻǰ ִ.


 

3.

̴ϽÿƼ ȸ ߱ û ۿ . 츮 󿡼 ȸ ߱ ̴ϽÿƼ Ģ ǰ ְ ε ׷ ̴.
׷ ڰ ڿ ġ ε, ̰ ο  Ϳ Ž ſ ο 䱸ϴ ̿ Ǵ Ϸ Ŀٶ ϸ鼭 ִ.
, Ŀ´̼ ӵ ( ǹ) ȿ Ұ ϰ 󿡼, 帧 Ⱓμ ð ߿ϰ ȴ. ª ǰ ֱ  ٽñ ª ִ.
׷ ̹ ä, , ü ؼ ƴ϶ Ӵ 뿩 Ѵ.

ڻ (׸ ȸ) , 츮 Ͻ ϳ ߴٰ , ۿ ٷ⿡ ʹ ϴ. ߿ ̷ Ȳ ǰ ü ΰȭ , ȣа ¡п ֿ ǿ ĥ ִٴ ̴.
Ͻ Ǿ Ǿ , Ư 츮 ִ £ ڱμ ڻ и ٸ. ׷ 츮 ֺ Ǵ ԡ Ÿ ִ ̻ ȸ ̴.
ǻ, ٷ ̹ ֱ Ư Ư¡ ִ. ׸ ̷ ü ָҸ ϴ, ȯ Ӹ ƴ϶ ǹ̷, η ģ ƶ ҷ Դ.

׷ٸ, 츮 ǹ̷κ ƶ б ̾ θ Ѻ ִ ?
̷ ؼ µ ɵְ ؾ߸ ̴(װ͵ 繰 ° ⿩ ִ ȭο ȯ ȸ ȯ ؾ Ѵ).
Ȱ 븳 ̷ ȭ ̴.
ֳϸ , Ǽ, , ټ ƹ ü ҿܵ ǰ ǰ ħϰ ̱ ̴. ̷ , 忡 ġ ġ鼭 ַ ?ϴ ýۿ źп ȭ 츮 ص ƽþ ȸ ̹ ġ ִ ٷ ȭ Ű ư ȴ.
Ϻ ƾ Ƹ޸ī ȭ ȣϴ ġ ƴ  ͵ ޾Ƶ ʾҴ ſ (ŽƮ 𷼷, ΰ ΰǥ , ICSIDȸ, , 1997. غϰ ִ.) ȭ ϰ ִ. ̷ ش ؼ ȭ ϴ ⿡ Ե ̶ ִ.

׷ ذå ϱ? 츮 طδ ǻ ϴٴ ε巯 Ư Һǰ ϴ 迡 ƹ Һڸ ƷýŰ ʴ´ٴ ô밡 .
Һڵ Ʒ ޴´ٸ ׵ Һϴ ϴ ˰ ɻӸ ƴ϶ ȭ ̰ ׵ ڸ Ϳ η ָϰ ִ ο ൿ ϴ ˰ ̴.
׸ ̷  ̹ ֵ Ѵ.


_ŽƮ 𷼷(Augusto Morello)



ŽƮ 𷼷
(Augusto Morello)
ȭ, ü, 濵 .

1954 Ż ȸ .
ļҵ Ͽ  Դ.
1950 1960뿡 øƼ Ŵ, ŻƸȸ .
1970 1980뿡 о߿ Ȱ.

ICSID ȸ.
ж ױ״ а ,

[Stileindustria] .
Ż ̳ȸ.
ISIA School of Design
Ȱ(θ ).

  designdb ȭ
 1999 09 10ȣ (166ȣ) ù
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/ ''
ѱ弾Ϳ ߰ϴ ݿ 1970 11 'Ρ' âȣ 1983 2 ǰ, 1983 4(no.67) '' ĪǾ ߰Ǿϴ.
2001 1/2ȣ(no.174) 󰣵Ǿ, 2001 7/8(vol.175) designdb ̸ ǰ ֽϴ.

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